Electrical
AC Buzzing noises are usually from electrical arcing – a discharge when electricity is jumping between circuitry. Loud buzzing noises indicate the electrical voltage flowing through your air conditioner is not at its correct amperage. Failing electrical components increases the risk of fire and should be diagnosed by a licensed HVAC expert to keep you and your home safe.
Motor
The motor needs to be lubricated with oil, especially in older AC units, to keep bearings from getting worn and eventually malfunctioning. A bent blade on the fan could also cause a buzzing noise. Lubricating the motor or replacing fan blades should be done before extensive use of AC (at the beginning of summer for example) to prevent a malfunctioning system later on.
Refrigerant
If a buzzing or hissing noise is coming from the AC unit itself, it could be a sign of a refrigerant leak. Refrigerant leaks cause AC units often freeze up, even during the hottest time of year when the AC is consistently on. Water dripping onto the motor will cause also an abnormal noise; the repair would involve locating the obstruction/leak and properly isolating the unit.
Parts
This is associated more with a rattling noise, but misalignment or loose screws/panels could also create a ‘buzzing’ noise. Poor installation or aged AC parts cause screws to become loose, also causing the panels on the cabinet to unfasten.
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